Windshield wiper assembly

ABSTRACT

A wiper blade unit has fasteners extending through clearance apertures in an arm connector so that the blade unit may become laterally canted within limits relative to the arm connector in both wiping directions. The blade unit includes a resilient blade body having a crown portion with a cavity containing metallic leaf springs and a wiping portion beneath the crown portion including a narrow wiping lip and an intermediate body portion which is progressively narrower in cross section from the base of the crown portion in the direction of the wiping lip. A longitudinally extending hollow core which is capable of cross sectional deformation to correspondingly deform and vary the resiliency of the body portions surrounding the core as a function of changes in direction and pressure of wiping forces at the wiping lip is provided in the blade body spaced below the spring cavity and extending into the progressively narrower intermediate portion. Straps inserted into end portions of the cavity are provided with closure caps which abuttingly engage the leaf springs and prevent longitudinal movement of the springs relative to the blade body.

United States Patent Quinlan et al.

[ Aug. 14, 1973 WINDSl-IIELD WlPER ASSEMBLY [7 5 Inventors: William I. 6111;155:5551-3655 TI Huver, both of Hastings, Mich.

[73 Assignee: Hastings Manufacturing Company,

Hastings, Mich [221 Filed: June 5, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 259,672

Related US. Application Data [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 190,067, Oct. 18, 1971, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 90,987, Nov. 19, 1970, Pat. No. 3,717,900.

52 us. Cl. 15/25042, 15/2502 51 Int. Cl. 1360s 1/40 [58] Field of Search 15/250212, 250.34, l5/250.42, 250.36, 250.31

[56] References Cited UNITED sTATEs PATENTS 2,270,589 1/1942 Hansen l5/250.32 X

2,605,491 8/1952 Williams 15/250312 2,701,382 2/1955 Oishei 15/250.42 3,316,583 5/1967 Anderson 15/250.32 X

FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 632,953 12/1949 Great Britain.... l5/250.32 875,626 8/1961 Great Britain l5/250.32

Primary Examiner-Peter Feldman Attorney-Munson H. Lane et al.

[57] ABSTRACT A wiper blade unit has fasteners extending through clearance apertures in an arm connector so that the blade unit may become laterally canted within limits relative to the arm connector in both wiping directions. The blade unit includes a resilient blade body having a crown portion with a cavity containing metallic leaf springs and a wiping portion beneath the crown portion including a narrow wiping lip and an intermediate body portion which is progressively narrower in cross section from the base of the crown portion in the direction of the wiping lip. A longitudinally extending hollow core which is capable of cross sectional deformation to correspondingly deform and vary the resiliency of the body portions surrounding the core as a function of changes in direction and pressure of wiping forces at the wiping lip is provided in the blade body spaced below the spring cavity and extending into the progressively narrower intermediate portion. Straps inserted into end portions of the cavity are provided with closure caps which abuttingly engage the leaf springs and prevent longitudinal movement of the springs relative to the blade body.

11 Claims, 8 Drawing Figures ,s7 lz as PATENIE AUG mum 3751.754

sum 2 [IF 2 WINDSHIELD WIPER ASSEMBLY Related Application This application is a continuation-in-part of US. Pat. application Ser. No. 190,067, filed Oct. 18, 1971, which is a continuationin-part of US. Pat. Ser. No. 90,987, filed Nov. I9,

1970, now US. Pat. No. 3,717,900.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in windshield wiper assemblies, and in particular the invention concerns itself with certain structural and functional improvements in means for attaching a wiper blade unit to a wiper arm connector, as well as in the wiper blade unit itself. As such, the invention represents an improved arrangement of the windshield wiper assembly disclosed in the aforementioned related US. Pat. application Ser. No. 190,067, of which this application is a continuation-impart, and in applications US. Pat. Ser. No. 90,987 and US. Pat. Ser. No. 267,620, filed June 29, I972, which is a division of US Pat. Ser. No. 90,987, filed Nov. 19, I970.

One important feature of the present invention involves the provision of means whereby the wiper blade unit is loosely attached to the wiper arm connector so that the blade unit may cant laterally relative to the connector in both wiping directions. This canting action, held within limits, allows the wiping edge of the blade to contact the windshield with the same relationship throughout the length of the blade, which is particularly important with curved blades and Windshields having compound curvatures.

Another important feature of the invention resides in the structure of the blade unit itself, which includes a blade body of resilient material containing metallic leaf spring means, together with improved closure means at the ends of the blade body to prevent longitudinal movement of the leaf spring means relative thereto.

Another important feature of the invention resides in the structure of the blade body which includes a hollow crown portion, having a longitudinally extending cavity for receiving leaf springs, and a wiping portion integral with the crown portion, the body further having a longitudinally extending hollow core which is capable of cross sectional deformation to correspondingly deform and vary the resiliency of the body portions surrounding the core as a function of changes in direction and pressure of wiping forces at the wiping lip, the hollow core being positioned beneath the spring receiving cav-' ity and extending into the wiping portion.

With the foregoing more important object and features in view and such other objects and features which may become apparent as this specification proceeds, the invention will be understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like characters of reference designate like parts, and in which:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a windshield wiper assembly in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view thereof;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof;

FIG. 4 is an end view, showing the blade unit canted on the windshield relative to the arm connector;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary, exploded perspective view of the connector, spring means, closure means and associated components with the resilient blade body omitted for sake of clarity;

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the invention utilizing a different type of a connector;

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary top plan view of the subject shown in FIG. 6; and

FIG. 8 is a typical vertical cross sectional view of the wiper blade body taken anywhere along its length prior to its assembly with other elements of the blade unit.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings in detail, more particularly to FIGS. I-S, the improved windsheid wiper assembly is designed generally by the reference numeral 10 and consists of two main components, namely a wiper blade unit 12 and a connector 13 which attaches the blade unit to a conventional wiper arm shown by the dotted lines I4.

For illustrative purposes the blade unit 12 may be of the particular construction disclosed in the aforementioned US. Pat. application No. 90,987 and the connector 13 may also be of the construction shown in FIGS. ll-3 of that application, and the description which follows is related to those types of blade unit and connector. However, an important aspect of the present invention concerns a special attachment of the blade unit to the connector, and this may be applicable to other types of blade units and other types of connectors, not necessarily those mentioned above.

With the foregoing in view, the blade unit 12 includes a blade body 15 formed from resiliently flexible material such as rubber, plastic, or the like, the body having a hollow crown portion 16 defining a longitudinally extending open-ended cavity 17 therein, and a lower wiping portion 18 which is integral with the base of the crown portion 16. The elongated cavity 17 contains metallic leaf spring meansl9 consisting of a set of leaf springs disposed in superposed relation within the cavity 17 of the crown portion 16. All or at least some of the leaf springs in the set are initially longitudinally curved, although some of them in the set may be initially flat and become longitudinally curved when associated with the others in the set, so as to produce the desired degree of curvature and resiliently yieldable support of the blade unit as a whole, all this being in accordance with the disclosure in the aforementioned US. Pat. application Ser. No. 90,987. Also, some of the leaf springs in the set may be shorter than others, as for example, the spring 20 being shorter than the springs 21, 22 (see FIG. 5), but at least one of the springs, for example the spring 21, is coextensive in length with the cavity 17 or, in other words, extends from one end of the blade body 15 to the other. The several springs in the set 19 are secured together, as by a rivet 23.

In accordance with the invention, a mounting strip 24 is superposed on the crown portion of the blade body and is rigidly secured to the leaf spring means 19 by a pair of screws 25 engaging threaded apertures 26 in the uppermost leaf spring 21, the screws 25 passing through apertures 27 in the end portions of the strip 24, as will be apparent from FIG. 5'. A pair of shouldered rivets 28 are secured in apertures 29 in the mounting strip 24 and project upwardly from the blade unit 12, as is best shown in FIGS. I and 3. For all practical purposes, the mounting strip 24 may be superposed on the material of the crown portion 16 of the blade body, but if preferred, the top of the crown portion may be removed so that the strip 24 is superposed directly on the leaf spring 21, as shown in the drawings. In any event, the two shouldered rivets 28 project upwardly from the blade unit, as already explained.

The wiper arm connector 13 includes a strip-like base 30 apertured to receive a pair of rivets 31 which secure that base to a support strip 32. The latter is provided with clearance apertures 33 which loosely or rockably receive the shoulders 34 of the aforementioned rivets 28. It is significant to note that the rivet shoulders 34 are sufficiently loose in the clearance apertures 33 of the support strip 32 that, when viewed in end elevation as in FIG. 4, the entire blade unit 12 may become canted laterally with respect to the connector 13, thus assuring that the wiping edge 35 of the blade unit is in contact with the windshield 36 with the same relationship throughout the length of the blade, as is desirable with longitudinally curved blades and compound-curved Windshields of the general type to which this invention relates. The canting action of the blade unit 12 relative to the connector 13 occurs in both wiping directions, one such direction being indicated by the arrow 37 in FIG. 4. In either wiping direction, the mounting strip 24 of the blade unit 12 and the support strip 32 of the connector 13 have corresponding leading and trailing edges related to the direction of the wiping movement and as indicated in FIG. 4, the trailing edges of the two strips come together as at 38. This provides stop means for limiting the canting action of the blade unit relative to the connector, it being noted that such canting movement must be sufficiently large to facilitate the effective blade contact with the windshield as already mentioned, yet not too large so as to allow too much of the rubber blade body to lay on the windshield and cause undue frictional drag. In this same context, the axial length of the rivet shoulders 34 and their clearance in the apertures 33 is to be accurately controlled so that only an appropriate amount or degree of canting of the blade unit with respect to the connector is possible.

In addition to the foregoing which deals with the particular canting attachment of the blade unit to the arm connector, the present invention also relates to the structure of the blade unit itself, and particularly to improved means for closing off the ends of the cavity 17 in the crown portion 16 of the blade body 15, such closure means being effective to prevent longitudinal movement of the leaf spring means 19 within the blade body, so that the mounting strip 24 and its shouldered rivets 28 are always properly positioned for attachment to the support strip 32 of the arm connector 13. Inasmuch as the closure means at both ends of the blade body 15 are the same, a description of one will suffice for both.

As shown in FIG. and also in the right-hand portion of FIG. 2, the closure means 40 at each end of the blade body comprises a strap 41 of metal, plastic, or the like, which is sufficiently rigid to be slidably inserted into the end portion of the cavity 17 above the uppermost leaf spring 21 of the leaf spring means 19. A closure cap 42'is formed integrally at the outer end of the strap 41 and this cap closes off the adjacent open end ofthe cavity 17 when the strap 41 is installed. Also, the cap 42 abuttingly engages the outer end of the leaf spring 21 which extends along the whole length of the cavity 17, and in this manner the cap prevents longitudinal movement of the entire leaf spring assembly 19 in relation to the blade body 15.

Although the closure means 40 are firmly held in place by frictional insertion of the strap 41 into the cavity 17 in conjunction with the leaf spring means 19, additional, more positive means are provided for preventing longitudinal movement of the closure means 40in relation to the leaf spring means 19. Such additional means involve the provision of a detent 43 on the strap 41, which detent is seated in an opening 44 formed in the adjacent end portion of the leaf spring 21, thus positively preventing longitudinal shifting of the closure means strap 41 relative to the spring means 19. As shown in the left-hand portion of FIG. 5, the detent 43 may have a wedge end or bevelled end portion 43a to facilitate sliding insertion of the strap 41 into the cavity 17 and subsequent seating of the detent in the opening 44.

The accompanying FIGS. 6 and 7 show a slightly modified embodiment which is substantially the same as the structure already described, except that the specific type of arm connector 13 shown in FIGS. 1-5 is substituted by a different type of arm connector 13a, of the type shown in FIGS. 12-16 in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 90,987. Apart from this difference, the attachment of the blade unit to the connector and the blade unit structure itself is the same as already described in regard to FIGS. [-5 herein.

FIG. 8 shows a typical vertical cross section of the blade body 15 taken at any position along its length before the leaf springs 19 are inserted in the cavity 17. The crown portion 16 is of generally rectangular cross sectional shape, being longer in its horizontal dimension than in its vertical dimension. The lower wiping portion 18 includes a narrow wiping lip 18, and an in te rr'riediate body portion 18 which is progressively narrower in cross section from the base 16 of the crown portion in the direction of the wipinglip The wiping lip 18 is of u niform thickness from its wiping edge 35 to its juncture with the intermediate bodywrtion 18". A longitudinally extending hollow core 45 is provided in the blade body 15 beneath the cavity 17. The hollow core 45 is normally of a substantially T- shaped cross section including a laterally extending head portion 45" and a leg portion 45 normal to the head portion. The head portion 45" of the T-shaped core is mounted within the wide crown portion and is substantially parallel to the base 16' of the crown portion, and the leg portion extends away from the crown portion into the progressively narrower intermediate body portion. The hollow core 45 is capable of cross sectional deformation to correspondingly deform and vary the resiliency of the blade body surrounding the 9Q;as?.fyytisnstshansssjn siireclion and Pressure of wiping force at the lip 18'.

The purpose and function of the hollow core 45 is similar to the hollow cores disclosed in our prior U.S. Pat. No. 3,566,432, issued Mar. 2, I97] and whereas a T-shaped core as illustrated in FIG. 8 is the preferred shape for the hollow core, cores of other shapes as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,566,432 may be substituted.

While in the foregoing there have been described and shown the preferred embodiments of the invention, various modifications and equivalents may be resorted to within the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

What is claimed is:

1. In a windshield wiper arm assembly, the combination of an elongated blade unit, an arm connector for said blade unit, an elongated support strip affixed to said arm connector and overlying said blade unit clearance apertures extending through said support strip, and fasteners provided on the blade unit and extending upwardly therefrom through said clearance apertures,

said fasteners strip and having head means spaced above said support being sufficiently loose in said apertures whereby the blade unit may be laterally canted within limits relative to the connector.

2. In a windshield wiper assembly, the combination of an elongated blade unit, an arm connector for said blade unit, and fasteners provided on the blade unit and extending upwardly therefrom through clearance apertures in said arm connector, said fasteners being sufficiently loose in said apertures whereby the blade unit may be laterally canted within limits relative to the connector, said fasteners comprising shouldered rivets secured to said blade unit, the shoulders of said rivets being rockably disposed in said clearance apertures whereby to facilitate said canting of the blade unit relative to the connector.

3. In a windshield wiper assembly, the combination of an elongated blade unit, an arm connector for said blade unit, fasteners provided on the blade unit and extending upwardly therefrom through clearance apertures in said arm connector, said fasteners being sufficiently loose in said apertures whereby the blade unit may be laterally canted within limits relative to the connector, a mounting strip secured to said blade unit and having said fasteners mounted thereon, and a support strip carried by said connector, said support strip being provided with said clearance apertures in which said fasteners are rockably disposed to facilitate said canting of the blade unit relative to the connector.

4. The device as defined in claim 3 which is further characterized in that in each wiping direction of the assembly, said mounting strip and said support strip have corresponding leading and trailing edges, the trailing edges of the two strips being engageable with each other to limit the extent of canting of the blade unit relbody having a hollow crown portion and a lower wiping portion integral with the base of said crown portion, and metallic leaf spring means contained within said hollow crown portion, said mounting strip being superposed on the crown portion of the blade body and rigidly secured to said metallic leaf spring means.

7. The device set forth in claim 6 wherein said hollow crown portion defines a longitudinally extending cavity therein containing said leaf spring means, and said blade body includes a longitudinally extending, deformable hollow core spaced from and beneath said cavity and extending into said wiping portion.

8. The device set forth in claim 7 wherein said hollow core is normally of substantially T-shaped cross section.

9. The device set forth in claim 6 wherein said hollow crown portion defines a longitudinally extending cavity therein containing said leaf spring means, and said lower wiping portion includes a narrow wiping lip, an intermediate body portion connecting said wiping lip to the base of said crown portion, said intermediate body portion being progressively narrower in cross section from the base of said crown portion in the direction of said wiping lip, and a longitudinally extending, deformable hollow core provided in said blade body spaced from and beneath said cavity and extending into said intermediate body portion.

10. The device set forth in claim 9 wherein said hollow core is normally of substantially T-shaped section.

11. In a windshield wiper assembly, the combination of an elongated blade unit, an arm connector for said blade unit and fasteners provided on the blade unit and extending upwardly therefrom through clearance apertures in said arm connector said fasteners being sufficiently loose in said apertures whereby the blade unit may be laterally canted within limits relative to the connector, said fasteners comprising rivets secured to said blade unit and rockably disposed in said clearance apertures whereby to facilitate said canting of the blade unit relative to the connector.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,751,754 Dated August 141 1973 Inventor(s) It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Claim 1 should read as follows to agree with Patent Office records:

1. In a windshield wiper arm assembly, the combination of an elongatedblade unit, an arm connector for said blade unit an elongated support strip affixed to said arm connector and i overlying said blade unit, clearance apertures extending through said support strip, and fasteners provided'on the blade unit and extending upwardly therefrom through said clearance apertures, said fasteners having head means spaced above said support strip and being sufficiently loose in said apertures whereby the blade unit may be laterally canted within limits relative to the connector. g

Signed and sealed this 30th day of July 1971+.

(SEAL) Attest:

McCOY M. GIBSON, JR. C. MARSHALL DANN Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents FORM PO-105O (10-69) u5cMM Dc uosflaqaeg u.s. sovznnuzm' PRINTING OFFICE: nus o-asa-Ju. 

1. In a windshield wiper arm assembly, the combination of an elongated blade unit, an arm connector for said blade unit, an elongated support strip affixed to said arm connector and overlying said blade unit clearance apertures extending through said support strip, and fasteners provided on the blade unit and eXtending upwardly therefrom through said clearance apertures, said fasteners strip and having head means spaced above said support being sufficiently loose in said apertures whereby the blade unit may be laterally canted within limits relative to the connector.
 2. In a windshield wiper assembly, the combination of an elongated blade unit, an arm connector for said blade unit, and fasteners provided on the blade unit and extending upwardly therefrom through clearance apertures in said arm connector, said fasteners being sufficiently loose in said apertures whereby the blade unit may be laterally canted within limits relative to the connector, said fasteners comprising shouldered rivets secured to said blade unit, the shoulders of said rivets being rockably disposed in said clearance apertures whereby to facilitate said canting of the blade unit relative to the connector.
 3. In a windshield wiper assembly, the combination of an elongated blade unit, an arm connector for said blade unit, fasteners provided on the blade unit and extending upwardly therefrom through clearance apertures in said arm connector, said fasteners being sufficiently loose in said apertures whereby the blade unit may be laterally canted within limits relative to the connector, a mounting strip secured to said blade unit and having said fasteners mounted thereon, and a support strip carried by said connector, said support strip being provided with said clearance apertures in which said fasteners are rockably disposed to facilitate said canting of the blade unit relative to the connector.
 4. The device as defined in claim 3 which is further characterized in that in each wiping direction of the assembly, said mounting strip and said support strip have corresponding leading and trailing edges, the trailing edges of the two strips being engageable with each other to limit the extent of canting of the blade unit relative to the connector.
 5. The device as defined in claim 3 wherein said fasteners comprise shouldered rivets having their shoulders rockably disposed in said clearance apertures.
 6. The device as defined in claim 3 which is further characterized in that said blade unit includes a blade body formed from resiliently flexible material, said body having a hollow crown portion and a lower wiping portion integral with the base of said crown portion, and metallic leaf spring means contained within said hollow crown portion, said mounting strip being superposed on the crown portion of the blade body and rigidly secured to said metallic leaf spring means.
 7. The device set forth in claim 6 wherein said hollow crown portion defines a longitudinally extending cavity therein containing said leaf spring means, and said blade body includes a longitudinally extending, deformable hollow core spaced from and beneath said cavity and extending into said wiping portion.
 8. The device set forth in claim 7 wherein said hollow core is normally of substantially T-shaped cross section.
 9. The device set forth in claim 6 wherein said hollow crown portion defines a longitudinally extending cavity therein containing said leaf spring means, and said lower wiping portion includes a narrow wiping lip, an intermediate body portion connecting said wiping lip to the base of said crown portion, said intermediate body portion being progressively narrower in cross section from the base of said crown portion in the direction of said wiping lip, and a longitudinally extending, deformable hollow core provided in said blade body spaced from and beneath said cavity and extending into said intermediate body portion.
 10. The device set forth in claim 9 wherein said hollow core is normally of substantially T-shaped section.
 11. In a windshield wiper assembly, the combination of an elongated blade unit, an arm connector for said blade unit and fasteners provided on the blade unit and extending upwardly therefrom through clearance apertures in said arm connector said fasteners being sufficiently loose in said apErtures whereby the blade unit may be laterally canted within limits relative to the connector, said fasteners comprising rivets secured to said blade unit and rockably disposed in said clearance apertures whereby to facilitate said canting of the blade unit relative to the connector. 